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AS Level · Information Technology 9626

Quality of information

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Quality of Information

Information Technology 9626

Understanding Data Quality, Accuracy, and Information Standards

Interactive Revision Notes with Self-Testing

What is Quality of Information?
Why Does Quality Matter?
Factor 1: Accuracy
Factor 2: Relevance
Factor 3: Age
Factor 4: Level of Detail
Factor 5: Completeness
Summary and Review

1. What is Quality of Information?

Learning Objectives:

Understand what "quality of information" means
Recognize that quality can be both subjective and objective
Identify the five factors affecting information quality

Defining Quality of Information

Quality of Information: The measure of how fit the information is for its intended purpose. It depends on whether the information is accurate, relevant, current, detailed appropriately, and complete.

Quality of information can be measured in two ways:

✓ Subjective Assessment: Based on the VALUE that individual users place on the information. Different users may judge quality differently depending on their needs and perspectives.

✓ Objective Assessment: Based on specific, measurable FACTORS that are believed to affect quality. These factors are consistent and can be applied universally.

Test Your Understanding

Quick Question 1

What is the difference between subjective and objective quality assessment?

2. Why Does Quality of Information Matter?

Poor quality information can have serious, costly consequences for organizations and individuals:

Real-World Consequences of Poor Data

Hospital Closure Example (UK)

A UK hospital was temporarily CLOSED due to poor quality data. Officials believed the hospital had an unacceptably high death rate. The hospital remained closed until it was discovered that the death rate data was INCORRECT—the actual death rate was significantly lower. This shows how poor data quality can cause serious damage even to critical institutions.

Postal Service Costs (USA)

In the USA, incorrectly addressed mail costs the postal service SUBSTANTIAL amounts of money and time to process correctly. Poor quality address data directly impacts operational efficiency and profitability.

Business Impacts of Poor Quality Information

Impact Area	Consequence
Business Decisions	Distorted view of business dealings → poor decisions
Customer Relations	Poor service from inaccurate data → loss of customers → damaged reputation
Performance Awareness	Inaccurate performance and sales data → difficulty identifying opportunities
Financial Impact	Cost of correcting errors, lost customers, missed opportunities → reduced profits

Quick Question 2

Name two real-world consequences of poor quality information.

3. Factor 1: Accuracy

In This Section:

Understand what accuracy means in data quality
Identify sources of inaccurate data
Learn how to prevent accuracy errors
Recognize accuracy issues in practice

What is Accuracy?

Accuracy:

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Also in the full note

4. Factor 2: Relevance
5. Factor 3: Age
6. Factor 4: Level of Detail
7. Factor 5: Completeness
8. Summary and Review
The Five Factors of Information Quality
Master These Concepts Checklist
Quick Reference: The 5 Quality Factors

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9626 Nov 2025 · Paper 1 · Variant 2 Cambridge · mark scheme Open → 9626 Nov 2025 · Paper 2 · Variant 2 Cambridge · mark scheme Open → 9626 Jun 2025 · Paper 1 · Variant 1 Cambridge · mark scheme Open → 9626 Nov 2024 · Paper 1 · Variant 2 Cambridge · mark scheme Open → 9626 Jun 2024 · Paper 1 · Variant 1 Cambridge · mark scheme Open → 9626 Mar 2023 · Paper 1 · Variant 2 Cambridge · mark scheme Open →

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